We understand that the ever changing world of Litigation Technology can be extremely confusing. In an effort to help build your knowledge base, we have compiled the following Glossary of Terms. Should you have any additional questions, please feel free to contact your personal Litigation Consultant.

A  B  C  D  E  F  G  H  I  J  K  L  M  N  O  P  Q  R  S  T  U  W  Z

A

Acquisition:

The physical collection of storage media containing electronic documents.

Active File:

Any electronic data file that remains intact and can be used by the operating system or software which created it without modification or re-construction.

Affiliation, Organization:

The organization or company affiliated with a personal name.

Alphanumeric:

A combination of alphabetic and numeric characters.

Annotation:

A word, note, or defined marking (i.e. graphic), or highlight added to an item (other than original marginalia considered part of the original item); an addition to a document.

Application:

Software program used to work on a computer.

ARPANET:

Advanced Research Projects Agency Network . ARPANET is the precursor of the Internet. Established in the 1960s by The U. S. Defense Department, ARPANET was a nationally distributed communications network that could withstand nuclear attack. ARPANET later came under the National Science Foundation and its name changed to NSFNET. Now it is known as "The Internet."

ASCII:

American Standard Code for Information Interchange. The ASCII character set is a standard 7-bit code for representing characters using binary values; ASCII is the most common method for converting text (i.e. letters, numbers, punctuation and control codes) into digital form (i.e. a system of ones and zeroes). A file that uses the ASCII code is described as being in ASCII format. ASCII characters can be recognized by a wide range of computers and communications devices, thus allowing one to import or export an ASCII file from one software application or computer platform to another.

Attachment:

A file or document attached to another file or document. Most frequently this refers to files attached to email documents. An attachment is referred to as the "child" of the "parent" document to which it is attached; called a parent/child relationship.

Attachment Range (Parent/Child Relationship):

The attachment range is determined by two values: the beginning attachment ID and the ending attachment ID. The attachment range IDs mark the logical beginning and ending of a series of inter-related documents.

Attachment-level Unitization:

A method of unitization capturing the parent, the child, and the attachment range in a series of inter-related documents.   The backbone of a database.

Author:

Creator/Source of document; individual who wrote or created the document.

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B

Backup:

A copy of data stored as a precaution against the loss or corruption of the original data.

Bandwidth:

The width of a transmission channel's band of frequencies. Also refers to the capacity of data that can be sent over a network connection per second in bits per second (bps), kilobits per second (kbps), or megabits per second (mps) (see Data Rate).

Batch-file:

A batch file is a grouping of one or more DOS instructions into one file that is created in a computer program to perform a particular type of computer system function (*.BAT is the file extension). Useful in data conversion.

Bates Number, Bates Stamp, Bates ID:

Bates Labeling is the process of assigning a unique alphanumeric identifier to each page of a document or group of documents. The Bates Number or Bates ID is the identifier associated with a given page. Bates Numbers are usually stamped on each page. The word Bates stems from the Bates Company, one of the originators of alphanumeric stamping machines.

Beginning   Document:

Marks the start of a document break

Beginning Attachment:

Marks the start of an attachment break

Bibliographic Coding:

Coding a document population into pre-defined bibliographic fields such as author, date, title, to, from, cc, etc.

Binary:

Number system composed of a series of ones and zeros.

Bit:

Contraction for binary digit. The smallest unit of data a computer can process. Represents one of two conditions: on or off; 1 or 0; something or nothing. A collection of bits forms a byte (see Byte.)

Blind Copy Field (BCC Field):

A field in an email document containing names of people who received the document but who were not seen by the other recipients of the email. BCC stands for Blind Carbon Copy.

Blowbacks:

Paper copies of image files that have been produced back into paper or the Printing of images off CD Volumes; can be either range specified or entire CD Volume as requested.

Boolean Search:

A search which uses the Boolean terms AND, OR, NOT, XOR, and parentheses to construct a complex condition from simpler criteria.

Boot:

During the start-up or restarting of a computer, the process whereby the operating system is loaded and initialized.

Boundary:

Folder, Document, Attachment, Physical Unitization or Logical Unitization.   Boundaries are designated by the client.

Box Manifest Report:

Indicates total page count and range of the pages of each batch within the project.  

Browser:

A client program (software) used to look at various kinds of Internet resources. Microsoft Internet Explorer and Netscape Navigator are the most widely used browser programs.

Build CD:

Burn CD Now -Burn CD as soon as project is completed even if the CD has not reached full capacity; burn CD When Full - Burn CD only when full capacity has been reached; burn in Barcode - To permanently imprint the bar code annotation onto the image; burn in Image Key -To permanently imprint the image key annotation onto the image; burn in other Annotations -Default messages, boundaries, redactions, issue tags etc.

Burn:

The process of writing data to a CD

Byte:

A collection of Bits arranged into groups to form binary numbers. (see BIT, KB, MB and GB)

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C

Cache:

Pronounced "cash." The area of a computer's hard drive where the browser program stores text, images and sounds from Web sites recently visited. When a Web site is visited again, the same information does not need to be downloaded again because the browser will use the information from the cache. The length of time information stays "cached" and how much information is cached can be easily changed by changing the computer's settings.

CD Name:

Client specified name of CD volume/ Client Matter.

CD-ROM:

Compact Disk Read Only Memory . A high-capacity, economical way of storing coded data and image files for litigation support purposes. A CD-ROM cannot be written on but it can be read from. One CD usually holds 700 megabytes of data (472 times as much as a standard high-density floppy disk), enough to hold the images for 5 or 6 boxes of documents.

CGI:

Common Gateway Interface . A set of rules that describe how a Web server communicates with another piece of software on the same machine, and how the other piece of software (the CGI program) talks to the Web server.

Characteristics Field, Document Characteristics:

The Characteristics field more fully describes the physical nature of a document. Some of the most common include: Redacted, Confidential, Attorneys Eyes Only, Draft, Illegible, Marginalia, Foreign Language, Incomplete, Privileged, Business Proprietary, Attachment, etc.

Client:

A software program used to contact and obtain data from a server software program on another computer, often across a great distance. A Web Browser is a specific kind of client.

Coding:

Coding is the process of entering document data into a database for the purpose of locating the document in the future. The process of coding can be done by examining the paper documents (coding from paper) or from scanned images or digital copies (coding from image). Typically, we capture bibliographical document information such as author, recipient, copy, title and date. However, other information may be captured during this process such as key words or issues.

Coding Fields:

Client specified fields of information for each document and attachment: begin doc, end doc, and begin attachment, end attachment, author, recipient, CC, BCC, date, type, and number of pages.

Coding Manual:

Document that outlines protocols for capturing fielded data. The coding manual is the basis for communicating 247's method of data capture to clients and document analysts on a project-by-project basis. The manual also aids end-users who will ultimately search and may revise the database.

Commit:

A step performed in order to consolidate the project into an IPRO tech project.

Compression:

Technology that reduces the size of a file without reducing the amount of data stored in the file.

Concordance:

Litigation management solution for accurate high spEDD full text searching and document retrieval.

Confidential:

A document that contains information not to be revealed to anyone except the attorney and the client. For coding purposes, the images are stamped "CONFIDENTIAL", prior to coding.

Control Number, Control ID:

A unique, alphanumeric ID that is assigned to each page of a document population. Control IDs are most often utilized in the initial phases of discovery for attorney review and prior to production to the opposition.

Cookie:

A piece of information sent by a Web server to a Web browser that the browser software is expected to save and to send back to the server whenever the browser makes additional requests from the server.

Copy Field (CC Field):

Names field that contains entries for individuals and/or organizations who received copies of a document, or were copied or cc'ed on an email.

CPU:

Central Processing Unit . The computer's main chip on the motherboard which manages the operating system and runs applications. Performs most mathematical calculations. Types of CPUs for the PC include the 486 and Pentium chips.

Created Title (Enhanced Title):

A title beginning with an action verb and derived from the first paragraph of a document. Used in the absence of a clear verbatim title.

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D

DAT:

Digital Audio Tape . Used as a storage medium for some backup systems.

Data Conversion:

The process of transferring electronic data from one file format to another, for instance from Outlook Personal Folder file(*.pst) to Lotus Notes mailbox(*.nsf).

Data Extraction:

The process of removing certain types of data from a file.   For example, text data can be extracted from an image file using OCR technology.

Data Formats:

Electronic data is stored in certain formats which can usually only be read by certain programs. The format of a file on a Windows system is associated with the file extension. For instance, files with an extension of TXT are ASCII files containing only text and can be opened by many programs. Files with an extension of PST are Outlook Personal Folders, which can only be opened with Outlook.

Data Rate:

The amount of information or data transferred per second by a computer, storage, or network device. Often stated in bits per second (bps), kilobits per second (kbps), and/or megabits per second (mps).

Database:

A computerized system for storing information in a highly organized and searchable format. Usually organized into several elements or building blocks: records, fields, and data. Each record is a collection of one or more fields of information (such as Bates Number, Date, Document Type, Author, Recipient, etc.) describing that record. Each field may contain one or more entries of data (a document may have more than one author, for example). In litigation support applications, a record usually represents one document, so every document has a unique record in the database. (see Field.)

Date Field:

A field in a document containing a date. Many files have multiple date fields, corresponding to last modified date, last accessed date, and created date. In coding, it is the field that captures the most relevant date for a particular document or document type.

Deadline:

The date and time a project is scheduled for completion.

Deleted File:

A file whose space on a storage medium has been marked as free. A deleted file may not have been overwritten yet and could still reside on the storage device.

Delimiter:

A character or series of characters dividing a document into different sections. Delimiters can be a whole page or a single character.

Deliverables:

End result expected by client - number of copies, CDs, Blowbacks.

Design Meeting:

An introductory meeting with prospective clients; the objective is to outline fields, formats, and protocols for data capture of a new project.

Disc Mirroring:

The process of keeping an exact copy of a hard disc for backup. Every time a modification is made to the original hard disc, it is also made to the mirror.

Discovery:

This is a point in time during a legal procEDDing that comes after the issue of complaint and prior to trial. Discovery is the collection of evidentiary items by each side which are conveyed (at the end of discovery) to the opposing side (except for privilege and confidential evidentiary items).

Discovery Support:

Providing services that enhance the ability of a client to manage, search, review, and produce large numbers of documents in a litigation project.

Document:

One or more pages with a logical beginning and ending.

Document Date:

Date of document creation.

Document Descriptor:

Meta data describes the characteristics of the document.

Document Title:

Objective title or re: line of the document, word for word.

Document Type:

Article, book, contract, brochure, calendar, document, drawing, email, folder, graphic, invoice, letter, log, memo, minutes, notes, pleadings, report, resume, spreadsheet, transcript, transmittal.

Document Determination:

Documents are often determined by type such as letter, report, and agreement. These documents are often organized by like types. Document Determination is the process of identifying the type and the boundaries of a document.

Document Population:

The entire collection of case or project-related documents.

Document-Level Coding:

Process of capturing data into pre-defined fields on a document-level. For File-level coding, there is one database record per file; for Document-level coding, there is one database record per document. Also referred to as Bibliographic coding.

Document-Level Unitization:

Type of unitization that organizes case material document-by-document, without an associated attachment range. Attachments or Child(ren) are captured as separate records in the database without an attachment range.

Domain Name:

The unique name that identifies an Internet site. Domain names always have two or more parts, separated by dots. (e.g. 247discovere.com). The extension generally indicates the type of organization. For example .edu notates a college or university, .com indicates commercial business entities, .org indicates non-profit organizations. In the United States, domains do not use country codes. Sites outside the U.S. include a code indicating the country of origin, e.g., .uk for the United Kingdom.

DPI:

Dots per inch . A measurement of the number of dots a printer can print both horizontally and vertically, or the number of pixels a scanner can distinguish in each vertical and horizontal inch of an original image.

Draft:

A characteristic used to further describe the nature of a document. Documents with this characteristic will clearly have DRAFT stamped on the image.

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E

Electronic Discovery:

The process of collecting, reviewing, and processing electronic documents.

Email:

A means of sending electronic mail to other computers connected to the Internet, commonly an important source of information in electronic discovery. In coding, a correspondence document type used to classify electronic messages delivered via email. An email message usually has a header with addressees, date, and subject. The most common email formats are Outlook and Lotus Notes.

Email Address:

An electronic mail address composed of the User Name (User ID) and Domain Name (the name of the Internet service provider or Internet server to which the user is connected), separated by the "@" symbol. Example: info@247discovere.com.

Encryption:

The process of transforming data into an unintelligible form in such a way that the original data either cannot be obtained, except by those properly authorized to view it using a decryption process.

Ending Attachment:

Marks the end of the attachment range.

Ending Document:

Marks the end of a document break.

Extension:

The part of a filename following the period (dot). The file extension usually indicates the type of file. For example, .doc designates a Word file, .ppt designates a PowerPoint file, and .exe designates an executable file (a program which can be "run").

Extranet:

The part of an internal computer network available to outside users, for example, Outlook Exchange email users.

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F

Field:

A location in a file where a precisely defined piece of data is stored. The most basic fields include document type, document date, author, recipient and "cc," but complex databases may include an unlimited number of fields, including such information as deposition exhibit number, trial exhibit number, attorney comments, etc.

File:

A collection of electronic data organized and stored under a specific name for use on a computer.

File Conversion:

To alter the format of a file type. e.g. Tiff to PDF.

File Format:

.dii -Summation Load files; .jpeg -Standardized image compression mechanism for full color or gray scale images; .lfp -Contains all the tiff images in a project volume; .smi -Summation load files to be run from the server; .tiff -This image file format is created at the batch commit process and determines how the temporary images will be stored on the media. e.g. Standard tiff, Multi-page tiff; .txt -Text file.

File Fragment:

A data file that divided into a series of subsets as a result of regular file management processes, manual intervention, electronic surges, or physical defects on the electronic media. Data can still be extracted from file fragments.

File Path:

Hierarchical description of directory, folder, or file location on a computer or a network.

File Properties:

Meta data associated with a file such as file path, date created, date accessed, and date modified.

File Server:

A file storage and data management device on a local area network accessible by all network users.

File-Level Coding:

Process of unitizing documents on a file-level versus a document-level. Each record in a File-level database corresponds to one file. File-level coding is usually limited to the following fields: BID, EID, Source, Date, and File Title.

Firewall:

A combination of hardware and software separating a LAN into two or more parts (public and private) for security purposes. Firewalls are often employed to permit a local network to connect to the Internet while maintaining a high degree of network security.

Folder Description:

Creates a field that identifies and names specific folder boundaries.

Folder Manifest Report:

This report lists the descriptions of the batch's folders as they were defined in the folder description process or QC Folders process in the QC Processing Steps.

Foreign Language Document:

Characteristic describing the physical nature of a document. Documents written predominantly in a language other than English are considered Foreign Language documents.

From Field (Author Field):

A field in a coded database that captures the author(s) of a document or in an email document that indicates who sent the email.

FTP:

File Transfer Protocol. An internet protocol method used for transferring files over the Internet.

Full Text Data Conversion (OCR & Data Extraction):

The process of removing all textual data from image or graphics files and storing it in a searchable format.

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G

Gap Manifest Report:

Prints the range and number of gaps that exist in a batch.

GB (or G):

Gigabyte. Equivalent to about one billion bytes (or the storage capacity of over 678,000 high-density floppy disks), and/or 1024 megabytes. At one time this was considered to be an astronomical unit of storage capacity, but ten 8½-by-11 color pictures, scanned at 600 dpi, will now fill one gigabyte.

GIF:

The Graphic Interchange Format, a format for storing files with graphic content.

GUI:

Graphical User Interface. A computer control system allowing the user to command the computer by "pointing-and-clicking" at pictures or icons (usually with a mouse, although touch-screens are becoming more popular). The Macintosh was the first consumer-oriented computer to fully utilize the GUI concept. Macintosh's early market share has been eroded by Windows, the dominant GUI for PCs.

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H

Hard Disk:

Data storage unit consisting of one or more stacked magnetic disks. Hard disks are usually permanently attached to a computer, but there are also removable hard disks.

Hard Drive:

The primary storage unit for electronic data on a computer consisting of one or more magnetic disks that can be written to or erased magnetically while controlling the positioning, reading, and writing of data to the hard drive.

Host:

Any computer on a network as a repository for services available to other computers on the network. It is quite common to have one host machine provide several services, such as WWW and USENET.

Hotkeys or Issue Tags:

An inventory allows you to focus your attention on a small number of "hot" files and documents. We create a database record for each file in the collection. The most simplistic version contains just the Bates range and the file title; Image Key for Filename - To assign the image key to match the filename exactly.

HTML:

Hypertext Markup Language. A language used to format and design most web pages. HTML allows links between documents and the addition of graphics.

HTTP:

Hypertext Transfer Protocol . The protocol for moving hypertext files across the Internet. Requires an HTTP client program on one end, and an HTTP server program on the other end. HTTP clients (Browsers) and HTTP servers (Web Sites) "talk" to one another using this protocol.

Hyperlink:

A link that can be clicked on to connect you to other documents, other places within the same document, pictures, or HTML pages.

Hypertext:

A readable file that contains "links" to other files. For example, portions of Web pages that link to other Web pages or information on the Web.

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I

Illegible:

A characteristic describing the physical nature of a document; illegible is not used to describe poor handwriting, but rather poor copy quality or poor image resolution.

Image:

An exact copy of the data on a disc or hard drive at one moment.

Image Files:

A graphic file generated from hardcopy. The most common litigation support image file format is the single-page, Group IV TIFF file.

Image Viewer:

An application that enables users to view electronic images. An image viewer uses a link file to retrieve images by ID and/or file name and organizes the individual image files into documents.

Imaging, Scanning:

The process of converting paper pages/documents into electronic image files. The most common litigation support, image file format is the single-page, Group IV TIFF file.

Indexing, Coding:

Term used to describe the process of reviewing legal documents and entering key information into pre-defined fields for litigation support databases.

Instant Messaging:

A live chat and email service able to locate and link multiple online users in real-time over the web. Unlike regular e-mail, instant messaging messages do not remain stored in one's in-box or sent items box, thus they leave less of a record behind.

Internet:

A massive network of computers that spans the entire world, using TCP/IP as the standard for transmitting information. It is actually a collection of smaller networks. Each local network is connected to one or more other local networks (usually over high-spEDD digital lines), and thus each network can access every other network. Most people became aware of the Internet in the early 1990's but it has been in existence since the 1960s. The Internet began as a department of Defense project called ARPAnet in the 1960s to create a communications network that could survive a nuclear attack. The World Wide Web runs on the Internet.

In-text Coding:

In-text and keyword coding captures information referenced in the individual document such as names, locations, important numbers and dates.

Intranet:

A local area network that may not be connected to the Internet, but which has some similar functions. Some organizations set up World Wide Web servers on their own internal networks so employees have access to the organization's Web documents.

IP Address:

A unique number consisting of 4 parts separated by dots (e.g. 10.0.0.151) used to represent a computer on the internet.

ISP:

Internet Service Provider . Business delivering access to the internet.

Issue Coding:

The process of capturing data from Issue Coding slipsheets at scan time.

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J

Java:

A programming language for the World Wide Web written by Sun Microsystems which has gained popularity because of its cross-platform support. Java programs written for one operating system will also work on other operating systems, saving the programmer from having to re-write the program for usability on both Macs and PCs and other types of computers.

Jaz Drive:

Removable disk drive commonly used for backup storage and everyday use. Generally holds up to 2 GB of data.

JPEG:

The Joint Photographic Experts Group file format. A file format for storing graphics files.

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K

KB (or K):

Kilobyte . Often referred to as 1,000 bytes, but actually 1,024 units because of the base 2 counting method of computers. A file consisting of 35,000 bytes is referred to as a "35K" file.

Keyword Search:

A search of textual data for certain words. Frequently a Boolean search.

Keywords Field:

A field in a coded database for capturing hits from a pre-defined list of keywords. Keyword searching is very similar to Names in Text coding.

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L

LAN:

Local area network . A computer network limited to the immediate area, usually the same building or floor of a building.

Link file:

A data file that links a litigation support database to the appropriate image files through an image viewer. The most common image link files are for: Opticon (*.opt or .txt), IPRO Premium Viewer (*.lfp), and Summation (*.dii).

Litigation Support Database:

A database application that enables users to organize, view, sort, search, and tag key documents in a legal dispute. The most common are Summation and Concordance.

Load File:

Logical Unitization:

Logically distinguish logical documents from each other and define attachment relationships among the documents (i.e., parent-attachments). Unitization enables database users to search and retrieve documents by a particular date, author, or other coded field even when those documents were buried as report attachments in the original, physically bound collection.

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M

Marginalia:

A handwritten annotation to a page or document.

Marry Coded Data:

After a scanned project is completed, the project is often sent for coding. The coded data is sent via email back to us. At this point, we take the version 2 CD we created and marry the coded data to that CD. When the coded data is successfully married, we burn a new version 2 test load and deliver the completed project to our client; Multi-page Tiff - Contains more than 1 single page image file per document.

MB (or M or Meg):

Megabyte . Approximately one million bytes (because of the base 2 system, 1MB actually contains 1,024 kilobytes, or 1,048,576 bytes).

Message Header:

A group of fields at the beginning of an email message containing information such as author, recipients, subject, and date sent.

Meta Data:

Data that is associated with a file but is not in the body of the document generally describing information about the data a file contains such as how, when, and by whom the data was created, accessed, or manipulated. Examples include fields, links, and some annotations. Often an integral component of effective electronic discovery. Meta Data is lost when electronic documents are printed to paper for production.

MIME:

Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions , a standard format for adding graphics and other non-text information to email.

Modem:

A device that converts digital data from a computer to an analog signal that can be transmitted on a telecommunication line, and converts the analog signal received over telephone lines to digital data for the computer.

Multi-page:

Digitally speaking, a multi-page image file is a single image file referencing more than one hardcopy page. In hardcopy, a multi-page document is a document with more than one page.

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N

Names Fields:

Those fields in a lit-support database that capture personal and/or organizational names; the most common are To (Recipient), From (Author), and CC (Copy).

Names in Text Field (Mentioned Field):

In Text Coding is the process of reviewing a document, line by line, for relevant data. The Names in Text Field, therefore, contains personal and/or organizational names captured that occur within the body text of a document.

Native File Format:

The original format of a file before it was converted to another format.

Network:

A series of two or more computers interconnected by communication paths that enable the terminals to share and transfer information between one another.

Numbering:

Matching existing bates numbers or assigning a new number sequence which will include a prefix, the number, or a suffix.   At this point additional information may be added to the electronic number such as Confidential, Attorneys Eyes Only and Under Protective Order.

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O

OCR:

Optical Character Recognition ; A technology that deciphers and extracts textual characters from graphics and image files. In layman's terms it converts graphic or visual data into fully searchable text.

OCR Text:

The output data generated from an OCR engine.

ODBC:

Open Database Connectivity . An interface that enables one to access different database systems with one common language.

Operating System (OS):

The set of programs that manages computer resources and provides an interface for other applications to run. Examples include Windows XP, Macintosh OS. Unix, DOS, and Linux.

Organizational Names, Affiliations:

Organization or company affiliated with a personal name.

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P

Packet: The unit of data that is routed between an origin and a destination on the Internet or over a network. When any file is sent from one place to another over a network it is broken into packets of an efficient size for routing. Packets are separately numbered and include information about the destination. Individual packets for a single file may travel different routes over the internet but when all arrive, they are reassembled into the original file. The structure of packets is determined by the protocol being utilized.

Page:

The base level of reference in a document population. A document consists of one (single-page) or more (multi-page) pages.

Page to Document Ratio:

The total number of pages in a document population divided by the total number of documents in that same population. The page per document ratio or PDR varies tremendously from case to case. A rough average starting point for lit-support is 4-5 pages per document. Coding rates are determined on a per document basis; therefore the PDR is an extremely important metric for predicting revenue, cost, and turnaround.

247 Project Name:

The name 247 associates with a specific project.

247 Project Number:

The number 247 associates with a specific project.

247 Standard Document Types:

247's pre-defined list of common document types. Clients receive a more competitive rate by selecting our standard versus a custom list.

PDF:

Portable Document Format . A format developed by Adobe that is portable across different types of computer systems.

Personal Names:

Names of people captured into the Names fields. Personal names do not include affiliation or title.

Phase:

A subset of a document population. A phase helps reduce large-scale projects into manageable units for production purposes.

Plaintext:

Containing nothing but text. An unformatted document.

Prep:

Prep is performed in order to prepare original documents for scanning. During the prep procedure, physical outer elements such as staples, clips, rubber-bands and so on are replaced with prep sheets. Completed prep sheets are used to mark document boundaries, assign hot key flags, and indicate level codes.

Production Number, Production ID:

A unique identifier assigned to each page of a document population produced to the opposing side in discovery. The production number is usually an alphanumeric value and is most often branded or endorsed on the images or blowbacks.

Project Management:

All tasks associated with the management of a project, from start to finish.

Project Set-up:

All those tasks associated with beginning a new project: creating new project name, new project number, IPRO image project, IPRO coding project, new case, IC rate sheet, etc.

Project Specifications:

A document containing the technical specifications for a project.

Protocol:

An established method of exchanging information across a data communications link. The language a computer uses to communicate with another computer about a certain action.

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Q

Quality Control:

Processes ensuring that no data has been lost or corrupted by any of the processing done to it during the project.

Query:

A command given to a database requesting information.

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R

RAM:

Random Access Memory . The primary memory in a computer used by applications to perform tasks while the computer is on.

Record:

By and large, fields are the columns in a database, and records are the rows. A record is a collection of data stored in fields for a document or file. Each record should have one or more unique identifiers (RecordID, Bates Number, Production ID, Control ID, etc.).

Record ID:

A unique alphanumeric identifier associated with a record in a database.

Recipient:

Recipient of the message.

Redacted:

A redacted document is one that has had sections removed or blocked, either electronically or manually.

Rotation:

The re-use and/or recycling of electronic media devices after they have been previously used for storing electronic data in some manner. It usually results in the alteration or deletion of the original data being stored.

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S

Scanning:

The process of turning a paper hard copy of a document into an image file.

Server:

A computer or software package providing a specific kind of service to client software running on other computers. The term can refer to a particular piece of software, such as a WWW server, or to the machine on which the software is running.

Single-page (document or image):

Single-page image files maintain a 1:1 correspondence between paper pages and electronic image files. Single-page documents are those that contain only one page.

Source Field:

Field in a coded database that references the original location or facility of the documents; generally, source data is captured at scan time.

SQL:

Structured Query Language (pronounced SQL or Sequel). A language used to create, maintain, and query relational databases. It is an ISO and ANSI standard. SQL uses regular English words for many of its commands, which makes it easy to use. It is often embedded within other programming languages.

Standard Bibliographic Coding:

Standard "bibliographic" coding of a 12-field database. A bibliographic database contains information typically found in a bibliography - author, date, title, etc. This database permits searches such as "all letters and allows for instant chronological sorting of the results.

Stat Q/C:

After processing a batch through Team QC, serves as a final administrative check on the validity of the batch as a whole.

Status Report:

A report that provides a comprehensive snap-shot of relevant project information

Summary Field:

Database field providing users with a complete synopsis of a document or record; differs from Title field in that the Title is captured verbatim or created from the first paragraph of a document.

Summation:

The baseline product Blaze LG incorporates the core functionality of integrated transcript and document management.

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T

Tape Drive:

A storage medium that uses a strip of magnetic tape to store data, as opposed to disc drives, which store information on a magnetic disc.

Target Date:

In the absence of a deadline, the target date is used to drive production to completion.

TCP/IP:

Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol . A set of communication protocols providing support for computer-to-computer communications, which breaks data into manageable packets for transmission in any order via disparate paths and re-assembled upon arrival. TCP handles the packaging of data into manageable packets of data which get routed on different paths over the Internet and reassembled at their destination. IP handles the addresses so that each data packet is routed to the correct destination. TCP/IP is used for Internet as well as local and wide area networks.

Technical Support:

Providing clients with consulting and support for litigation support databases and image viewers.

Telnet:

A protocol that allowing a user to log in remotely to other computers over the Internet.

Test Load:

247 test loads all projects to insure that all final products work properly before they are delivered to our clients.

TIFF, Group IV:

Tagged Image File Format. An extensible format for images and graphics. It is widely supported and flexible. Uses a *.TIF extension.

To Field, Recipient Field:

A field in a coded database that captures the recipient(s) of a document.

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U

Unitization:

Process of logically determining the beginning and ending IDs of a document. Unitization can occur on a file-level, a document-level, or an attachment-level.

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W

World Wide Web (WWW):

A hypermedia-based system for browsing Internet sites. It is named the Web because it is made of many sites linked together; users can travel from one site to another by clicking on hyperlinks. Text, graphics, sound, and video can all be accessed with browsers like Microsoft Internet Explorer and Netscape Communicator/Navigator. The Web can also be accessed with text-only browsers like Lynx.

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Z

Zipped Files:

Files compressed using a certain compression algorithm. Files can be zipped or unzipped using a variety of software applications such as WinZip or PkZip.

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